What is the term for medications that block specific receptors to alleviate symptoms?

The term that describes medications which block specific receptors to alleviate symptoms is "antagonists." Antagonists work by binding to the receptor sites on cells but do not activate them, effectively blocking the action of other substances, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. This blocking action can help reduce or eliminate symptoms by preventing the normal signaling that would normally occur if the receptor were activated.

For instance, in the case of certain medications used to manage conditions like anxiety or hypertension, antagonists can help mitigate the effects of substances that exacerbate these conditions, promoting a more balanced physiological response. Understanding how antagonists function is crucial for recognizing their therapeutic application and the management of various health conditions.